Technical Data

Gas Weight Chart

Different Gas has got different molecular weight and density. Gas Weight Chart gives us information regarding molecular weight and densities of different gases. This information of respective weight and density of particular gas is of utmost importance when two or more gases have to be mixed together in different particular concentrations of PPM or Percentage.

#	GASES	FORMULA	MOLECULAR WEIGHT	DENSITY (kg/m3)
1	Acetylene (ethyne)	C2H2	26	1.0921 || 1.1702
2	Argon	AR	39.948	1.6611 || 1.78372
3	Butane	C4H10	58.1	2.4891 || 2.52
4	Carbon dioxide	CO2	44.01	1.8421 || 1.9772
5	Acetylene (ethyne)	C2H2	26	1.0921 || 1.1702
6	Carbon monoxide	CO	28.01	1.1651 || 1.2502
7	Helium	He	4.02	0.16641 || 0.17852
8	Hydrogen	H2	2.016	0.08992
9	Methane	CH4	16.043	0.6681 || 0.7172
10	Nitric Oxide	NO	30.0	1.2491

Gas Compatibility Chart

Some applications need two or more gases to be mixed together in different respective concentration. Based upon various physical, chemical properties coupled with particular gas’s reactivity, some gases cannot be mixed with other gas. Gas Compatibility Chart gives us information regarding possibility of mixing / non-mixing of one gas with another.

#	COMPONENT	BALANCE N2	BALANCE AIR	BALANCE He	BALANCE Ar	BALANCE Ne	BALANCE H2	PPM	PPB
1	Ammonia	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
2	Arsine	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
3	Boron Trichloride	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
4	Boron Trifluoride	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
5	Carbon Monoxide	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
6	Carbonyl Sulfide	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
7	Chlorine	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
8	Cyanogen	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
9	Cyanogen Chloride	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	N
10	Diborane	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
11	Ethylene Oxide	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
12	Fluorine	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	N	Y	Y
13	Hydrogen Bromide	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
14	Hydrogen Chloride	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
15	Hydrogen Cyanide	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
16	Methyl Bromide	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
17	Methyl Chloride	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N
18	Methyl Fluoride	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
19	Methyl Mercaptan	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
20	Monomethylamine	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	N

Gas LEL & UEL

LEL and UEL refer to Lower Explosive Limit & Upper Explosive Limit. The LEL & UEL gives us the information regarding the range within which a flammable / fuel gas will burn in the presence of ignition source and air / oxygen. Below LEL, the presence of Fuel gas is too low to burn and above UEL, the presence of Fuel Gas is too high to burn.

#	GASES	Lower Explosive Limit (LEL%)	UPPER Explosive Limit (UEL%)
1	Acetaldehyde	4	60
2	Acetic acid	4	19.9
3	Acetone	2.6	12.8
4	Acetyl chloride	7.3	19
5	Acetylene	2.5	81
6	Acrolein	2.8	31
7	Acrylonitrile	3.0	17
8	Allyl chloride	2.9	11.1
9	Ammonia	15	28
10	Arsine	5.1	78
11	Benzene	1.35	6.65
12	1,3-Butadiene	2.0	12
13	n-Butane	1.86	8.41
14	iso-Butane	1.80	8.44
15	Butyl acetate	1	8

Valve Outlet Sizes

Different gases have different nature. Some are Inert, some are flammable, some are toxic and some are corrosive in nature. Based upon different nature of gases, various different types of valves have been allowed to be fitted as per Govt. Rules. For the safety reasons, the gas cylinders of particular group of gases having same nature, has to be fitted with same type of valve.

#	PRODUCT NAME	VALVE MOC	THREAD OUTLET	THREAD SIZE (mm)
1	Acetylene-C2H2	Brass or Steel	G 5/8-LH	1.814
2	Air	Brass or Steel	G 7/8A-RH	1.814
3	Ammonia-NH3	Steel	G 1/2A-RH	1.814
4	Argon-Ar	Brass or Steel	G 3/4-RH	1.814
5	Bromofluloro Methane-CBrF3	Brass or Steel	EXT M22-RH	1.5
6	Chlorine-Cl2	Brass	G 5/8A-RH	1.814
7	Carbon Dioxide-CO2	Brass or Steel	EXT W 21.8, X1.814-RH	1.814
8	Carbon Monoxide-C2H2	Brass or Steel	G 5/8-LH	--
9	Chorine trifluoride-ClF3	Steel	G 5/8-LH	1.814
10	Coal Gas	Brass or Steel	G 5/8-LH	1.814
11	Cynogen-(CN)2	Brass or Steel	G 3/4A-LH	1.814
12	Dimethyl Ether-CH3OCH3	Brass or Steel	G 5/8-LH	1.814
13	Dimethylamine-(CH3)2NH	Brass or Steel	G 5/8A-LH	1.814
14	Ethylchloride-C2H5Cl	Brass or Steel	G 5/8-LH	1.814
15	Ethylamine-C2H5NH2	Steel	G 1/2A-LH	1.814

Oxygen

In commerce, liquid Oxygen is classified as an industrial gas and is widely used for industrial and medical purposes. Liquid Oxygen is obtained from the Oxygen found naturally in air by fractional distillation in a cryogenic air separation plant.

Application of Oxygen In the Industries

• Widely used with a fuel gas for cutting, welding, brazing and soldering. The use of Oxygen gives higher flame temperatures than if air is used.
• In oxy-cutting, an oxy-fuel flame preheats the steel to its ignition temperature. A jet of gaseous Oxygen flows onto the red-hot steel, generating more heat and melting the steel. The steel in contact with the Oxygen jet is oxidised, creating metallic slag which is blown from the cut, allowing more steel to react with the Oxygen.
• In plasma and laser-cutting steel, an arc or laser beam is used to heat the steel to its ignition temperature. Oxygen is then used in the same way as with Oxygen-cutting to create an exothermic reaction and to blow away any metal oxide or slag.
• Thermal lancing Oxygen is used in conjunction with the steel lance to create a high-temperature melting process capable of drilling or cutting through materials such as concrete, brick, stone and most metals.
• High-purity Oxygen is used in the laboratories, process-control operations, metal analysis instruments and in semi-conductor production.
• Used as an assist gas in lasers for cutting mild steel.

Commercial Oxygen :: Purity:- 99.995%

#	IMPURITES	PPM
1	H2O	3
2	N2	15
3	Ar	10
4	H2	0.2
5	CO+CO2	0.2
6	CnHm	0.5

Oxygen Grade 1 :: Purity:- 99.999%

#	IMPURITES	PPM
1	H2O	2
2	N2	5
3	Ar	5
4	H2	0.2
5	CO+CO2	0.2
6	CnHm	0.2

Oxygen Special Grade :: Purity:- 99.9995%

#	IMPURITES	PPM
1	H2O	1
2	N2	1
3	Ar	1
4	H2	0.1
5	CO	0.1
5	CO2	0.1
6	CnHm	0.2

Carbon Dioxide

It is used in many consumer products that require pressurized gas because it is inexpensive and non-flammable, and because it undergoes a phase transition from gas to liquid at room temperature at an attainable pressure of approximately 60 bar, (870 psi, 59 atm), allowing far more Carbon Dioxide to fit in a given container than otherwise would.

APPLICATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE INDUSTRIES

• MIG-welding mild steel
• For welding carbon and alloy steel and stainless steel with flux-cored wires
• Shielding gas in plasma-cutting
• Liquid for substrate cooling to control the heat build-up when thermal and plasma-spraying
• BOC recommends the use of the Argoshieldrange as the preferred mild steel MIG-welding gas
• Suitable for inerting applications
• Balancing pH levels in swimming pools
• Compressed liquid Carbon Dioxide can also be used in small pipe-freezing applications

GRADE II :: Purity:- 99.999%

#	IMPURITES	PPM
1	H2O	2
2	O2	1
3	N2	5
4	H2	1
6	CnHm	1

GRADE I :: Purity:- 99.9995%

#	IMPURITES	PPM
1	H2O	1
2	O2	0.5
3	N2	2
4	H2	0.5
6	CnHm	1

Dissolve Actylene

Acetylene is manufactured commercially by reaction between Calcium Carbide and water, and as a by-product of ethylene production. Acetylene (C2H2) is a gaseous hydro- carbon with characteristics that make it highly suitable for technical applications. The gas contains 92.2 percentages by weight Carbon and 7.8 percent Hydrogen and is approximately 10 percent lighter than air. It has high calorific value due to the special chemical combination of Carbon and Hydrogen. When it is burned it releases large volumes of latent energy.

APPLICATIONS

• Acetylene is the best and most versatile fuel gas for welding, straightening, bending, forming, hardening, cutting or tempering. It is the hottest flame temperature when compared to MAPP gas, propylene and propane and natural gas (2,910 ̊C, 2,895 ̊C, 2,800 ̊C and 2,780 ̊C respectively).
• Acetylene is used as a fuel gas for oxy-acetylene welding, cutting, general localised heating, flame hardening, flame cleaning to remove rust from steel, spalling concrete and other processes requiring a high temperature flame (3,160 ̊C when combusted in Oxygen).
• Specially purified instrument grade Acetylene which has such impurities (Arsine, Phosphine, Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulphide) removed is used in atomic absorption, analytical instrumentation and navigational beacons.